Promoting Socialism Through Animalistic Connotations in...

In Upton Sinclair’s novel â€Å"The Jungle† the use of animalistic terms and connotations in the depictions of both the people and the politics created persuasive arguments for socialism and against capitalism. Christopher Phelps’ Introduction states, â€Å"As a metaphor, ‘jungle’ denoted the ferocity of dog-eat-dog competition, the barbarity of exploitative work, the wilderness of urban life, the savagery of poverty, the crudity of political corruption, and the primitiveness of the doctrine of survival of the fittest, which led people to the slaughter as surely as cattle.†(1), this is the foundation to Sinclair’s arguments that capitalism promotes competition between the working-class for mere survival all the while destroying human rights†¦show more content†¦Though not specifically promoting socialism with animalistic terms, through condemning capitalism the author shows socialism as the far superior choice and one that wo uld be most beneficial to the reader. Furthermore, the quotation begins with capitalism linking directly to the Beef Trust and the protagonist, Jurgis, coming to the realization through educating himself with the socialist literature. This is especially significant since at the beginning of the novel, the newcomers were portrayed as unsophisticated in the eyes of capitalism. Now the reader has been exposed to the idea that these people were not insolent but merely oppressed by a capitalistic environment. Zaprawa 4 One of the strongest arguments against capitalism is the quote â€Å"It was a monster devouring with a thousand mouths, trampling with a thousand hoofs; it was the Great Butcher – it was the spirit of Capitalism made flesh.†(334), the description of monster depicts capitalism as barbaric instead of those under the influence of capitalism being barbaric. This quote lends itself to the idea that people must fight for what theyShow MoreRelatedSocialism in The J ungle1715 Words   |  7 PagesSocialism in â€Å"The Jungle† By Tyler Dobson Sinclair’s  The Jungle  is a novel that tends to advocate for socialism as a remedy for the evils of capitalism that has dominated a society. Upton Sinclair’s piece was written in 1906, at a time when many European immigrants had migrated to the United States with the hope of becoming prosperous in their lives. However, their expectations were not met as some of them ended up being unemployed and those who managed to get jobs like Jurgis Rudkus in

Ego Resilience As A Protective Factor - 1242 Words

Ego-Resilience as a Protective Factor Between Childhood Trauma Psychopathology Jace Pincock University of Utah Introduction Clinical research reveals that psychological trauma during childhood increases the likelihood of developing psychological or functional disorders in adulthood. However, a significant percentages of adults with a history of trauma remain psychologically healthy. These individuals have been described as resilient. Resilience is the ability of human beings to persevere, rebound and even flourish after experiencing traumatic events (Bonnano, 2004) Although there has been an increase in resilience research, the psychological processes involved are still debated. An important issue is whether resilience develops as a consequence of trauma (resilience as an outcome) or if resilience is a relatively common characteristic of many people that can emerge with or without traumatic experiences (resilience as a trait or ego-resiliency). In this study, Dr. Phillipe proposed an integration of these two perspectives by showing that ego-resiliency can play an important protective role in the relationship between childhood trauma and the development of psychopathology. A total of 118 outpatients at a psychology clinic completed questionnaires measuring their level of childhood trauma, ego-resiliency, anxiety, depression, and self-harm behaviors. Results revealed that ego-resiliency was a significant mediator of the relationship between childhood traumaShow MoreRelatedEssay about Analysis of Little Miss Sunshine4497 Words   |  18 PagesLastly, Olive’s family provides a good source of behavior modeling for Olive that promotes resilience. Application of Family Resilience Resilience is the ability of an individual to recover from adversity and resume function using strengths as coping mechanisms, despite various traumatic events or difficulties (Zastrow and Kirst-Ashman, 2010). In today’s society, where adversity is common, having resilience is useful to gain hope and confidence, on an individual and family level. Two dimensionsRead MoreThe Theory Of Child Development803 Words   |  4 PagesEmphasis were based upon what a child would become as they get older( Green 2013)However, it was investigated by human developmental psychologist that Child development is relevant in relation to how individuals relate in the environment as well as the factors that influence human development. These psychologists developed the human developmental life span which is predominant in the society today, although remains unsubstantiated because of the dynamics of individuals and the environment. 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Business and company law of a corporation - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: 1. Explain the postal rule, the reasons for its creation and continued application.2. Given that legislation overrides the common law, what impact (if any) do the Electronic Transactions Act 1999 (Cth) and the Electronic Transactions Act 2000 (Vic) have on the postal rule of acceptance. 3. Should the postal rule apply to email and other forms of modern communication? Answer: Answer 1 It can be said that the postal rule of acceptance is one of the most controversial areas of contract law[1]. The postal rule of communication was developed in 1818 and its provisions have changed a lot over time. It is to be mentioned that the postal rule was developed solve the conflicts arising and doubts arising in communication and acceptance. Offer and acceptance are the fundamental provisions in contract formation. Offer and acceptance determine the duties of the parties and are the fundamental building block of a contract[2]. It is to be mentioned that the Postal rule of acceptance was developed as an exception to the general rules of offer and acceptance. It is to be mentioned that in general an offer can be revoked prior to its acceptance. However conflicts have often arisen about the time of the revocation of offer. It has often created a lot of confusion regarding whether the offer was accepted before or after it was revoked. Thus, to avoid this confusion the Postal rule was invented to solve the issue of communication of the offer between the offeror and offeree. The postal rule was created in the case Adam v Lindsell[3]. In this case the court was presented with the challenge of deciding the time of the contract formation. The court held in the aforementioned case that the contract was formed over the period of delivery of mail. Both parties of the aforementioned case had communicated by mail intending to form a contract. However, it can be stated that the mailing time lasts for days therefore the exact time of acceptance could not be decided. The problems faced by the court in deciding the exact time period of contract formation led to creation of the postal rule. The postal rule was reapplied in the case Henthorn v Fraser[4]. The postal rule states that an offer will be considered to be accepted once the communication of the acceptance of the offer has been posted. However the postal rule is applicable in circumstances where the parties have contemplated contract formation using post as the medium of communication as used ordinarily by mankind. It can be stated that in face to face interactions both parties can communicate instantaneously. However, in case of distant contracting instant communication of acceptance is not possible. Thus, in such situations parties to the contract cannot be expected to be possibly aware of the refusal of offer after acceptance of the offer has been posted. In such cases of distant contracting the postal rule is applicable. It can be stated that the postal rule has been re affirmed in the notable cases Household Fire Insurance v Grant[5]and in the relatively recent case Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl GmbH[6]. In the latter case it was held by the court that posting a letter of acceptance at the post office constitutes acceptance that is binding upon the parties to the contract. The court held that offeror and offeree must have understood and agreed to bear the risks associated with postal system while choosing the same as the means of communicating the offer. However as time has progressed the courts have been faced with the challenge of applying the postal rule in instantaneous communication. With advent of instantaneous methods of communication, the dispatch of receipt of a message constitutes valid communication. The receipt has made the aforementioned postal rule obsolete. The issue of the receipt of a message can only constitute valid communication of acceptance. In the notable case Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corporation[7] various instances of when acceptance is communicated was illustrated by Lord Denning. It was stated by him a contract can only be expected to be formed once the news of acceptance is received by the offeror as opposed to the postal rule. In case of instantaneous communication the responsibility of communicating the acceptance of t he offer lies with offeree. However, it is assumed in case of instantaneous communication that the news of acceptance communicated to offeror during business hours is expected to be received. However as held in the remarkable case Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl[8] the responsibility lies with the offeror if he chooses to unman his machine through which the news of acceptance is communicated. Answer 2 Upon the recommendation of United Nations Commission on International Trade Law's Model Law on Electronic Commerce the Electronic Transaction Act[9] was created in the year 2000. It can be stated that the aforementioned Act was created as a strategic policy of the government of Australia to develop economic information. The Electronic Commerce Expert Group was established by the government of Australia to report the conflicts and issues relating to ecommerce. According to the report of the aforementioned expert group it can be said that the country of offeror initiating the offer will govern the contract to be formed if acceptance of such offer occurs at the offerors place of business. The Electronic Transactions Act[10] was formed in response of the aforementioned report. According to the aforementioned act it can be said that communication of acceptance of offer is said to take place if the person to whom the information of news of acceptance is given agrees consents to such information by the means of electronic communication. It is also to be mentioned that the time when the receipt of such electronic communication is issued is the time when electronic communication is expected to enter into the information system. This aforementioned statement puts emphasis on the current application of the postal rule in contracts entered into by email. The current postal rule applied in email contract states that acceptance is not constituted until the offeror gets into the system[11]. It can be stated that this legislation does not apply to facsimile and telex machines. It can be mentioned that the two of the aforementioned acts provide insight about application of the post al rule to instantaneous modes of communication. According to subsection 14(3) of the Electronic Transactions Act 1999(Cth) the time of receipt of an electric communication is noted once it reaches the information system as designated by the sender of the email. However it is to be mentioned that the aforementioned Act does not provide any clarification about what should ideally constitute the designation of the information system. It is not clarified whether opening of the email or merely receiving it in their server constitutes valid time of receipt[12]. Where there is no system designated, the time of receipt of information by the receiver would be considered to be the time when he notices it as stated in section 14 of the aforementioned act. However, the explanatory memorandum as given in the Electronic Transactions Act 2000 (Vic), states that communication must be read by the receiver of the information before it is considered to be received. However, choosing to ignore or not read a message already received in the receivers mailbox will be considered to be received. Thus it can be said that the aforementioned acts continue to guide the application of the postal rule in online business and email contracts. Answer 3 It is to be said that with the recent development in Information Technology, the problem of distance in communication has been greatly reduced. People nowadays can communicate with each other freely and in unhindered manner through various methods. However, the most popular and widely used method of formal communication is email. It can be said that with the advent of the new development in the Information Technology and wide usage of emails the application of the postal rule to email contracts has become a challenge to the courts[13]. It is to be mentioned that email communication is different from website contracting. Acceptance in website contracting is constituted in the actual time of sending and accepting the offer. However in case of communication by emails, there is no legislation which clearly determines acceptance and revocation of offer. It is to be stated that while transmitting information through emails, a message is considered to be delivered when the offeror gets onli ne and reads the message. The offeree in such a case may or may not receive a notification regarding the delivery of the message. Servers and computers of the receiver may take several minutes to receive the message or to respond. It is to be mentioned that timing issues in case of electronic communication vary between website contracting, which is generally considered to be a method of instantaneous communication and contracting through emails[14]. There are many problems which are encountered while communicating through emails. There are many instances when the emails of the senders do not get delivered or get delayed in the process of delivery. It can be mentioned that delivery of emails solely does not constitute valid communication of acceptance as the recipient can be unaware of receiving such email. There is no guarantee that the receiver will access the email upon its successful delivery and read it. The summation of these problems can be expected to be solved by the extension of the postal rule to apply in electronic communication. However, in case of Nunin Holdings v Tullarmarine Estate[15], it was held by the court that the postal acceptance rule would not apply to communication of information by email. The decision was reached by the court on the basis that email is a virtual and instantaneous mode of communication and therefore the postal rule should not be applied to it as it does not apply to other modes of instantaneous communication. The court stated that it has to follow the precedents from cases Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corp[16], Asher v Goldman Sachs Co [17]and Reese Bros Plastics v Hamon-Sobelco Australia Pty Ltd[18] as decided earlier which dealt with instantaneous modes of communication. Therefore it can be said that as postal rule does apply to communication by email, acceptance would be constituted once the email has been received rather sent. It is to be mentioned that contracts entered into on the internet are similar to the face to face transactions. Any advertisement for sale of any good or commodity on the internet is considered to be an invitation to treat. Whenever, the customer places the order from such invitation to treat and provides the seller with the credentials of payment modes it constitutes an offer. If the website displays confirmation of such order and issues a virtual receipt valid acceptance is constituted and the issuance of the virtual receipt constitutes valid communication of acceptance as held in the case Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists Ltd[19]. It can be said that the receipt rule therefore applies in internet contracting and not the postal rule. However, it has been argued by some that the email is not a direct instantaneous method of communication as there is no direct link between the devices of the parties. Email messages are independent and there is no simultaneous end-to-end traffic path between the sender and the receiver. Therefore the postal rule should apply to email contracts. Thus to conclude, it can be said that postal rule is not completely outdated and still can be applied to modern forms of non instantaneous methods f communication. However, it is not approved by the court and it is not applied to methods of instantaneous communication. However, it can be said that there are no legislative measures which provide clarification of application of postal rule in different scenarios and emails and modern communication stay unaffected by the postal rule. Bibliography Adam v Lindsell [1818] B Ald 681 Asher v Goldman Sachs Co [1991] 1 QB 129 and Reese Bros Plastics Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag Stahl GmbH[1983] 2 AC 34 Brinkibon Ltd v Stahag StahlGmbH [1983] 2 AC 34 Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corp (1955) 2 QBD 327 Entores Ltd v Miles Far East Corporation[1955] EWCA Civ 3 Graw, Parker, Whitford, Sangkuhl and Do, Understanding Business Law 7th ed LexisNexis Butterworths, 2015 Hamon-Sobelco Australia Pty Ltd (1988) 5 BPR 11-106 Henthorn v Fraser[1892] 2 Ch 27 Household Fire Insurance v Grant[1879] 4 Ex D 216 Lipton P, Herzberg A and Welsh, M, Understanding Company Law, 18th edition 2016 McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014. Nunin HoldingsPty Ltdv Tullamarine EstatesPty Ltd [1994] 1 VR 74 Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists Ltd [1953] EWCA Civ 6 Seddon, N; Bigwood, R; Ellinghaus, M, Cheshire Fifoot Law of Contract, 2012 10th Australian Edition LexisNexis. Sweeney, OReilly Coleman, 2013, Law in Commerce, 5th Ed., LexisNexis. Smits, Jan M., ed.Contract law: a comparative introduction. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017. Thomson Reuters. Harris, J. Hargovan, A. Adams, M. Australian Corporate Law LexisNexis Butterworths 5th edition, 2015. Vermeesch,R B, Lindgren, K E, Business Law of Australia Butterworths, 12th Edition, 2011 [1] McKendrick, Ewan.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK), 2014. [2] Smits, Jan M., ed.Contract law: a comparative introduction. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2017. [3] [1818] B Ald 681 [4] [1892] 2 Ch 27 [5] [1879] 4 Ex D 216 [6] [1983] 2 AC 34 [7] [1955] EWCA Civ 3 [8] [1983] 2 AC 34 [9] 1999(Cth) [10] 2000(Vic) [11] Thomson Reuters. Harris, J. Hargovan, A. Adams, M. Australian Corporate Law LexisNexis Butterworths 5th edition, 2015. [12] Graw, Parker, Whitford, Sangkuhl and Do, Understanding Business Law 7th ed LexisNexis Butterworths, 2015 [13] Seddon, N; Bigwood, R; Ellinghaus, M, Cheshire Fifoot Law of Contract, 2012 10th Australian Edition LexisNexis. Sweeney, OReilly Coleman, 2013, Law in Commerce, 5th Ed., LexisNexis [14] Lipton P, Herzberg A and Welsh, M, Understanding Company Law, 18th edition 2016 [15] [1994] 1 VR 74 [16] (1955) 2 QBD 327 [17] [1991] 1 QB 129 [18] (1988) 5 BPR 11-106 [19] [1953] EWCA Civ 6

The Sounds Of The Unknown Essays - Culture Of Detroit, Michigan

The Sounds of the Unknown Try to create a music, which no one has ever heard. It is so broad, new, and unexplored even the creator cannot even place a name for it. As Derrik May put it, "We had to crack some serious codes, we did things no one else would do, played music no one else would touch. Those were some brave times" (Sicko 67). A name was finally concocted by a group called the Belleville Trio. May, one of the trio, stated, "We were calling it techno. Nobody really gave it that name. I think it was just the obvious title for the kind of music we made (Silcott 46). The actual word is said to have originated in Detroit, along with pretty much everything else having to do with it. So, what exactly is techno, and how has it had an influence? In order to comprehend techno, along with its simply deceptive grooves, and how its uprising has brought on a dramatic change in American as well as European culture, there must be a deep reaching with the mind alone into an electronic culture, along with letting the influence run through the body. The life of techno is not nearly long enough to recap and write on for even a few paragraphs. There is hardly any sources on techno as well. But, anyone who is living in the twenty-first century can remember hearing the word or its vibe. Here is the beginning. A Roland TB 303 Bass Line Machine started it all. A DJ by the name of Pierre discovered a "crazy frequency sound" when he was messing with one in his home studio (Silcott 42). DJ Pierre ran the most fluencial group on the global scale, Phuture. The Roland 303 then became discovered as a inticing, great machine. Many of them were used and produced many of the first "Acid Tracks" (Silcott 44). Although the 303 was originally intended to provide bass lines for a practicing guitarist, it set the record, however, for the birth of techno (Silcott 45). Rarely known to anyone or anything, techno was a freakazoided, undulating, gurgling, psychedelic, wah wah sound that had no meaning, no purpose. In recent history, it has spread to more cultures and countries than any other music (Sicko 16). Its demand is incredible, considering only a small portion of it has main streamed. Techno may not reach to everyone, but it has appeared in large events where millions of people have experienced its voice. For instance, the opening and closing themes for the 1998 Winter Olympics were created by Ken Ishii, a worldwide know artist. Also, a huge event, known as Britain's Love Parade, plays techno on throughout the nights. Like any other music form, it is very difficult to pinpoint who exactly was the first artist. One man, known as Juan Atkins, was at least one of the early pioneers. Atkins said, "You gotta look at it like, techno is technological" (Savage 2). Another famous group, the Dust Brothers, who are better known now as the Chemical Brothers, have had a few hits even in the United States. Since an American production team had the name Dust Brothers, they made the switch to their more well-known title (Rule 3). They brought in a unique style from the U.K. that highly appealed to the U.S. clubs and inhabitants. Other groups, such as Orbital and the Aphex Twins, have also been there since the early days of techno (Savage 1). Atkins met a man named Richard Davis in college. His idea was "Hey, let's get everybody together and jam." Atkins had always been making music since he was young so they tried to accomplish making a career out of the music that they loved so much. They had one central idea in techno: the harmony between man and machine (Savage 2). That is where it all began, and started forever growing into an accepted style of music, in the nation, as well as the world. The awakening of techno was a great one. Although in actuality it seems as if techno originated in Europe, it was originally only a few styles brought from there that were perfected and flourished in the United States. An

Lord Of The Flies Literature Critique Essay free essay sample

, Research Paper Throughout Chapters six, seven, and eight, Golding concentrating on Simon for being alone, and different from the other male childs. He depicts Simon as a black sheep in which the other male child # 8217 ; s disfavor. One such illustration is that the other male child # 8217 ; s are ever doing merriment of him, and despite that, Simon neer retaliates with returning verbal onslaughts. One large difference in Simon from the other male child # 8217 ; s, is that Simon does non fear the animal. Simon knows that animal is the immorality within, but Simon is pure. Simon is besides about saintly, for case, when Simon fed the small kids, this is a saintly gesture. This besides shows that Simon is the lone 1 who isn # 8217 ; Ts concerned with merely him, but he cares for the well being of the others excessively. Another illustration of Simon # 8217 ; s pureness is when the Lord of the Flies tempts him. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord Of The Flies Literature Critique Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He falls unconsciously to avoid the persuasion and enticement of immorality. Simon is the obvious fulcrum in the good and bad spectrum. On one terminal ballad Ralph, and on the other terminal lay Jack. One thing that Golding does is making Simon as a Christ-like figure. Simon is the purest of all the male childs. Simon does non follow orders, nor does he give them. He will non perpetrate Acts of the Apostless of force, nor will he diss the male childs who insult him. Golding is invariably giving Simon more and more Christ-like features and traits. From the pureness of his bosom, to the Lord of the Files trying to allure him. Another thing Golding does frequently, is use the literary tool of symbolism. Almost all of the of import facets of the book involve symbolism. Simon symbolizes a Christ-like figure. The Lord of the Flies symbolizes the Satan. When Simon fell unconscious, that represented the forfeits that had to be made in order to get the better of immorality. The last major symbolism was Ralph and Simon mounting the stones, in which Simon finished foremost. That was to demo that although Ralph has leading and power, Simon is the 1 who should be taking. He has the pureness an d the bosom to make it. Another literary tool used by Golding is apposition. Golding juxtaposes good and evil, Satan and Christ, life and decease, world and dreams, Heaven and Hell, and so on. The intent of this was to demo that the things that need to be done in order to last must be accomplished through the antonym. For case, The male child # 8217 ; s redemption ( heaven ) lies in the custodies of the fire ( snake pit ) that will signal a deliverance ship. Another case is the Lord of the Flies ( Satan ) speaking and alluring Simon ( Christ ) , like what happened in the desert in which Christ was stuck in for 40 yearss. Golding intentionally composes Simon as a Christ-like figure, but more significantly juxtaposes the pure good of Simon following to many signifiers of Evil. Among those evil signifiers lay fire, enticement, autarchy, killing, verbal blasting, animals, and Satan. The chief immorality signifiers nevertheless lay in the fire, the bossy regulation, and the animal. First, the fire: The fire acts as a redemption from the evil island, freedom. To accomplish freedom, one must utilize the prisoner of war ers of evil. The fire represents not only physical salvation, but also mental salvation for Simon as well. Simon must mentally overcome the fire’s salvation. He cannot be tempted by evil he must use his purity in order to obtain complete salvation. If Simon did fall to the dark forces of evil, he would surely be off the island or would he? He would live the remainder of his life pondering over what would have happened if he stuck with good. He fell for evil and because of it he never achieved mental salvation, his mind would forever live on the island. The next major evil is the autocratic rule imposed on by Ralph and Jack. They represent the very rulers who sent Christ to the hill to be crucified. They wanted complete control over the people and their beliefs, as do Jack and Ralph. They will send Simon to his grave, perhaps not on a cross, but they will send Simon to his final grave. Unfortunately, the good versus evil battles which are fought, will usually be won by bad in the beginning, and hopefully fall in the end. In history, Christ was killed when he was the good. Hitler killed the Jews, when Hitler was the evil one. Ralph and jack will kill Simon, when he is the good one. Through out history, it shows that in order for the bad to make themselves look good, they must destroy those who are really good. The last evil form I will focus on is the beast. The reason why Simon is never afraid of the beast, but the others are, is because, Simon is the beast. The beast is not really evil; he is viewed as evil. The beast is really the good, Simon, the purist of all. To the bad, the good is bad; thus Simon is viewed as the beast. Not a flying animal, or a huge squid, but the pure white heart of a human being is the real beast in the eyes of the evil. Not all the boys are evil, but if they follow the autocratic ways of Ralph or Jack, they have been corrupted by evil. In a sense, what are viewed as far as the beast, are complete opposites. The beast, which i s viewed as bad, is in fact good. The bad now fears the good, where as usually the good fear the bad. It is one big paradox with good and evil. Why are the bad so fearsome of the beast which is good, since there is an overwhelming amount of the bad, opposed to just one pure good character? Perhaps evil knows, and has always known that good will prevail over evil, despite circumstances. I feel that evil fear the good beast only because it poses a threat to the autocratic rule of the evil island. In my opinion, Lord of the Flies creates a new Ying yang, one of all black (evil) and only one small dot of white (good). The black represents all the evil on the island, and the small white dot symbolizes Simon, the one small bit of pure white good. Despite the temptations and overwhelming amount of evil to good, the small bit of good will never give up. Good fights and lives until it is destroyed, but will never surrender over to the dark side. If the world should ever become this Ying yang , what will happen when the good is swallowed by the evil?

Marketing Plan Essays

Marketing Plan Essays Marketing Plan Essay Marketing Plan Essay Marketing Plan Prepared: April 2013 Table of Contents The Business 6 S. W. O. T. Analysts 8 Strengths 8 Weaknesses 8 An international not for profit organization with 10 years of federal support 8 Two other successful services like camp to belong and TFH camps the age group of programs is the widest range age group compared to all non-profit human services organization in Australia (age group : 7-25) 8 Rely heavily on government grants and funding Low public awareness compared to competitors They do not get enough funding as they wish to achieve their goals and visions. 8 Opportunities 8 Threats 8 Corporate Sponsorship Lifestyle solutions Programs/services in high demand 8 National disability grant National disability insurance scheme Scholarships Crime prevention funding 8 Work for experience program Other organization with similar visions (appendix one) Any NFG organization SEEKING government funding that lifestyle solutions applies for (appendix one) If implementation is poor then, it could result in lack of quality in their programs (could be expanding to fast) 8 S. W. O. T. Activity sheet 9 The Future (appendix five) 11 Vision statement: 11 Mission statement: 1 1 The Market 12 Market Environment 12 Product Review: Our company, Cupcake Hut offers the following features. Product sum includes: Fresh cupcake (with variants) Coffee Tea (with variants) Services: Free Wi-If connectivity Party celebrations Home delivery Online reserved tables Indoor games (snooker etc) Environment: fully air-conditioned and comfortable sitting environment with soft voice of music. In terms of Environment. Segment Demands and Corresponding features: Targeted Segment Customer Demands Corresponding features Professionals (consumer market) Place to serve their guest in comfortable atmosphere. Wi-if connectivity to discuss businesses. Middle class family Family gathering and celebration of parties (birthday etc) Cakes on offer. Decorated environment. Competitive Review: Competitors Ta regret Segments Features Cafe-al-Feared Middle class Fast food, lunch and dinner. Crowded environ meet. Don Restaurant NO standardize class Tea and snacks. Outdoor. KEF High class families Fast food. Self purchase. Pizza Town High class middle class Operating in fast food. SOOT Analysis : Strength: Variants in Cupcakes, tea and coffee High quality in terms of freshness It can be made with any type of design according to our consumers desire. Weakness: Parking problem quality maintenance is difficult for each product new business high rent cost Opportunities: Trend is increasing for cupcake parties rather than traditional cakes. No any other cupcake business. Availability of cupcakes for home parties. Office demonstration. The read: local bakeries sustainability issue Objectives and Issues: We have set profitable and achievable objectives for the first and second years of market entry. First year objective: we are aiming to have 25,584 unit sales in the initial year for break even. Second year objective: As we will create customer value within a year so for he second year we are aiming to have 35,000 unit sales. Issues: We have to invest heavily in market to create distinctive image with tuff competition. As our company is a new concept so we will have to make more efforts for awareness and promotion Champaign. Marketing Strategy: Positioning: We are positioning our company in terms of environment by providing fresh, friendly and professional environment for our target customers. Product Strategy: Our product, cupcake is having one day life.

Social Media Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social Media - Research Paper Example This paper seeks to give an in-depth evaluation of social media marketing. Different social media networks have subscriptions in terms of millions, which are cheaper than other media platform. This is very beneficial to the marketing company as the resources saved can be used in investing in other fields, which would ensure the continuous expansion of the company. Therefore, social media platforms are able to make it easier for companies to make a variety of cost effective strategies and campaigns In marketing, the number of audience who access the information being presented by the advertising company matters a lot in the success of the entire marketing process. Since the cost of accessing other media such as newspapers is high, social media fit very well to numerous individuals. The services are easily accessible to many, especially the youths and middle-aged persons, who form a significant percentage of the targeted group for many products. Through blogs and articles, social media platforms have been proved to be very effective in driving traffic to the website, which in most cases results in stronger brand names and increased sales, which are essential for a brand to have a competitive edge in the market (Meyerson and Entrepreneur press 3-63). When marketing global products, other means of marketing such as billboards, newspapers and radio are not effective due to geographical boundaries limitations. On the other hand, social media has no geographical limitation, and thus can be used by various persons in numerous regions across the globe. As such, in marketing global products, social media is very effective as it allows people from different geographic location to meet at the same time and at the same time and air their view freely. This enables the company to have an understanding of the global perception of their product, and

Death Penalty Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Death Penalty - Research Paper Example Thereby, death penalty ought to remain legal in the United States owing to the deterrence impact it has on the criminals, the justice it extends to the victims of heinous crimes and their families and the way it prevents the hardcore and repeat offenders from committing more crimes. Death penalty is highly useful because it deters the criminals from committing serious and violent crimes (Banner 219). Any thriving and democratic society needs to maintain the rule of law. Peace and the rule of law are necessary to assure the happiness and well being of the common citizens. It is a practical fact that every society does tend to have individuals and groups who happen to have a violent disposition and a criminal bent of mind. Such people are mostly more prone to committing heinous and rare crimes like murder, rape and acts of aggression. If the courts of law extend soft sentences to such criminals, it is possible that they may commit more serious and rare crimes (Banner 219). This is because a soft sentence tends to give an idea to such criminals that they can commit serious crimes like murder and still can get away with it. In the absence of death penalty, there will be practically nothing that will deter or scare these criminals away from committing violent crimes . The logic is that â€Å"by executing convicted murderers we will deter would-be murderers from killing innocent people (Bedau & Cassell 58) Hence, one important function of the law is to extend such penalties that deter the other criminals from engaging in violent crimes. Thereby, if a murderer is given a death sentence, it sends a message to the other criminals in the society that engaging in violent crimes may cost them their life. Hence, death penalty is a legal provision that has a strong deterrence potential. It stands to be the most appropriate warning to the criminal elements in any society. It would not be wrong to assume that many criminals fall short of

Your choice Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Your choice - Term Paper Example The shooting and development also includes motion pictures. For a movie to be successful, the relationship between cinematographer and director must be safe and comfortable with each other. Cinematographers need their independence at work in order to give good results. At the beginning of both the movies â€Å"Troy† and â€Å"Hunger Games,† the cinematography uses the extreme long shots. These enable them to show their audiences the entire location where the scene is to take place. This type of shot can also be called the establishing shot. When a movie shooting is on, how close the camera gets to the actors depends on the amount of details that the producer intends to show to the audience. The background of the location in video scenes is always instrumental to the viewers understanding of the theme of the story. The first impression that an audience gets from the opening scene determines their attitude towards the film as a whole. In â€Å"Troy† when Achilles a rrives at Troy walls, the cameras are placed in different angles to bring all the actors to view. The number of soldiers going to battle in this particular scene is enormous; as a result not all of them can be individually viewed. The cameras, therefore, need to be located at an angle where a large group can get captured at a time. It is I such instances that several cameras go into action at the same time. Extreme long shots are also necessary for capturing of these scenes with large number of actors at the time. The intention of these types of shots is to give the audience the idea circumstantial effect that is necessary for interpretation purposes. The long shots also came in handy and the filming of Troy, the moving soldiers, were spread in a large group a fact that was important for the audiences to note. Therefore, this type of shot was able to discern individuals face and at the same time show the others who were on the far end of the line covering an extensive view of the

Analysis of the Postal Rule

Analysis of the Postal Rule

Internet working Essay

Today, the Internet and World Wide Web (WWW) are familiar terms to millions of people all over the world. Many people depend on applications enabled by the Internet, such as electronic mail and Web access. In addition, the increase in popularity of business applications places additional emphasis on the internet. The Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite is the engine for the Internet and networks worldwide. Its simplicity and power has lead to be the single network protocol of choice in the world today so the world has become a global village where the people live their life on the Internet. It has no boundaries or barriers, It is open to all who have access to Internet using computer. The e-commerce and online business has really facilitated the people nowadays. The main design goal of TCP/IP was to build an interconnection of networks, referred to as an internetwork, or internet, that provided universal communication services over heterogeneous physical networks. The clear benefit of such an internetwork is the enabling of communication between hosts on different networks, perhaps separated by a large geographical area. 1. Introduction. The internet has been a useful source of information for the public and made things possible which were impossible in the past . Such as emailing has accelerated the process of Mailing and it hardly takes seconds to reach in any part of the world as the Client are connected to Server and the Server connects the clients to world wide web . it is like cob web which keeps connected to all users at the same time . The Internet’s growth has become explosive and it seems impossible to escape the bombardment of www.com’s seen constantly on television, heard on radio, and seen in magazines. Because the Internet has become such a large part of our lives, a good understanding is needed to use this new tool most effectively. This whitepaper explains the underlying infrastructure and technologies that make the Internet work. It does not go into great depth, but covers enough of each area to give a basic understanding of the concepts involved. For any unanswered questions, a list of resources is provided at the end of the paper. Any comments, suggestions, questions, etc.are encouraged and may be directed to the author at the email address given above. The Internet Frame Work As the Internet is a global network of computers each computer connected to the Internet must have a unique address. Internet addresses are in the form nnn. nnn. nnn. nnn where nun must be a number from 0 – 255. This address is known as an IP address. (IP stands for Internet Protocol; more on this later. ) The picture below illustrates two computers connected to the Internet; your computer with IP address 1. 2. 3. 4 and another computer with IP address 5. 6. 7. 8. The Internet is represented as an abstract object in-between. (As this paper progresses, the Internet portion of Diagram 1 will be explained and redrawn several times as the details of the Internet are exposed. ) Diagram 1. a These IP addresses are actually divided into different classes, where each class has it’s own range and criteria to define the number of hosts and networks. These types of information depends on your network size, criteria and purpose. In the Diagram 1. b, you can find the detail information related with the IP address classes. Diagram 1. b. The decimal representation of Internet addresses If you connect to the Internet through an Internet Service Provider (ISP), you are usually assigned a temporary IP address for the duration of your dial-in session. If you connect to the Internet from a local area network (LAN) your computer might have a permanent IP address or it might obtain a temporary one from a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server. In any case, if you are connected to the Internet, your computer has a unique IP address. Hierarchical Versus Flat Address Space Internetwork address space typically takes one of two forms: hierarchical address space or flat address space. A hierarchical address space is organized into numerous subgroups, each successively narrowing an address until it points to a single device (in a manner similar to street addresses). A flat address space is organized into a single group (in a manner similar to U. S. Social Security numbers). Hierarchical addressing offers certain advantages over flat-addressing schemes. Address sorting and recall is simplified through the use of comparison operations. Ireland, for example, in a street address eliminates any other country as a possible location. Fig. 1. 1. Hierarchical and flat address spaces differ in comparison operations. Fig: 1. 2 Source: TCP/IP Illustrated, Volume 1, The Protocols. W. Richard Stevens. Addison-Wesley, Reading, Massachusetts. 1994. The Ping Program If any body who is using Microsoft Windows or a flavor of UNIX and have a connection to the Internet, there is a handy program to see if a computer on the Internet is alive. It is called ping, probably after the sound made by older submarine sonar systems. 1 if you are using Windows, start a command prompt window. If you are using a flavor of UNIX, get to a command prompt. Type ping www. yahoo. com. The ping program will send a ‘ping’ (actually an ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) echo request message) to the named computer. The pinged computer will respond with a reply. The ping program will count the time expired until the reply comes back (if it does). Also, if you enter a domain name (i. e. www. yahoo. com) instead of an IP address, ping will resolve the domain name and display the computer’s IP address. More on domain names and address resolution later. Protocol Stacks and Packets So your computer is connected to the Internet and has a unique address. How does it ‘talk’ to other computers connected to the Internet? An example should serve here: Let us say your IP address is 1. 2. 3. 4 and you want to send a message to the computer 5. 6. 7. 8. The message you want to send is â€Å"Hello computer 5. 6. 7. 8! † Obviously, the message must be transmitted over whatever kind of wire connects your computer to the Internet. Let us say you have dialed into your ISP from home and the message must be transmitted over the phone line. Therefore the message must be translated from alphabetic text into electronic signals, transmitted over the Internet, and then translated back into alphabetic text. Now there is the question that how is this accomplished? Through the use of a protocol stack. Every computer needs one to communicate on the Internet and it is usually built into the computer’s operating system (i. e. Windows, UNIX, etc. ). The protocol stack used on the Internet is referred to as the TCP/IP protocol stack because of the two major communication protocols used. The TCP/IP stack looks like this: Protocol Layer: Application Protocols Layer Protocols specific to applications such as WWW, e-mail, FTP, etc. Transmission Control Protocol Layer TCP directs packets to a specific application on a computer using a port number. Internet Protocol Layer. IP directs packets to a specific computer using an IP address. Hardware Layer Converts binary packet data to network signals and back. (E. g. Ethernet network card, modem for phone lines, etc. ) If we were to follow the path that the message â€Å"Hello computer 5. 6. 7. 8! † took from our computer to the computer with IP address 5. 6. 7. 8, it would happen something like this: Diagram 2 The message would start at the top of the protocol stack on your computer and work its way downward. If the message to be sent is long, each stack layer that the message passes through may break the message up into smaller chunks of data. This is because data sent over the Internet (and most computer networks) are sent in manageable chunks. On the Internet, these chunks of data are known as packets. The packets would go through the Application Layer and continue to the TCP layer. Each packet is assigned a port number. Ports will be explained later, but suffice to say that many programs may be using the TCP/IP stack and sending messages. We need to know which program on the destination computer needs to receive the message because it will be listening on a specific port. After going through the TCP layer, the packets proceed to the IP layer. This is where each packet receives its destination address, 5. 6. 7. 8. Now that our message packets have a port number and an IP address, they are ready to be sent over the Internet. The hardware layer takes care of turning our packets containing the alphabetic text of our message into electronic signals and transmitting them over the phone line. On the other end of the phone line your ISP has a direct connection to the Internet. The ISPs router examines the destination address in each packet and determines where to send it. Often, the packet’s next stop is another router. More on routers and Internet infrastructure later. Eventually, the packets reach computer 5. 6. 7. 8. Here, the packets start at the bottom of the destination computer’s TCP/IP stack and work upwards. As the packets go upwards through the stack, all routing data that the sending computer’s stack added (such as IP address and port number) is stripped from the packets. When the data reaches the top of the stack, the packets have been re-assembled into their original form, â€Å"Hello computer 5. 6. 7. 8! † Networking Infrastructure: So now you know how packets travel from one computer to another over the Internet. But what is in-between? What actually makes up the Internet? Let us look at another diagram: Diagram 3. 1 Here we see Diagram 1 redrawn with more detail. The physical connection through the phone network to the Internet Service Provider might have been easy to guess, but beyond that might bear some explanation. The ISP maintains a pool of modems for their dial-in customers. This is managed by some form of computer (usually a dedicated one) which controls data flow from the modem pool to a backbone or dedicated line router. This setup may be referred to as a port server, as it ‘serves’ access to the network. Billing and usage information is usually collected here as well. After your packets traverse the phone network and your ISP’s local equipment, they are routed onto the ISP’s backbone or a backbone the ISP buys bandwidth from. From here the packets will usually journey through several routers and over several backbones, dedicated lines, and other networks until they find their destination, the computer with address 5. 6. 7. 8. But wouldn’t it would be nice if we knew the exact route our packets were taking over the Internet? As it turns out, there is a way†¦ The Trace route Program: If you’re using Microsoft Windows or a flavor of UNIX and have a connection to the Internet, here is another handy Internet program. This one is called trace route and it shows the path your packets are taking to a given Internet destination. Like ping, you must use trace route from a command prompt. In Windows, use tracer www. yahoo. com. From a UNIX prompt, type trace route www. yahoo. com. Like ping, you may also enter IP addresses instead of domain names. Trace route will print out a list of all the routers, computers, and any other Internet entities that your packets must travel through to get to their destination. If you use trace route, you’ll notice that your packets must travel through many things to get to their destination. Most have long names such as sjc2-core1-h2-0-0. atlas. digex. net and fddi0-0. br4. SJC. globalcenter. net. These are Internet routers that decide where to send your packets. Several routers are shown in Diagram 3. 1, but only a few. Diagram 3. 1 is meant to show a simple network structure. The Internet is much more complex.

Embarrasing Moment

My most embarrassing moment I consider myself to be one who doesn't easily get embarrassed, but one of my most embarrassing moments happened this past summer. It all started when a few friends of mine decided that since it was incredibly hot out that summer day, that we should all go down to Tubbs hill for a swim. I’m not sure if you realize how busy downtown is during mid-summer season, but understand it’s almost always completely jammed full of people trying to fight off the blistering sun.So my friends and I hiked up the path to get a good spot to start jumping off the rocks and start swimming, but all the great spots were all full. We decided to just find a close spot and just deal with all the people in the area. Our day progressed as normally as you’d expect, and everyone was enjoying the water and how refreshing it was fighting off the heat of the day. Eventually everyone was starting to get bored jumping off the smaller rocks as well as just swimming arou nd, so my friends decided we should start jumping off the higher rocks. Eventually it came to my turn to jump and I went for it.As I dived into the water I didn’t realize at the time the sheer pressure on my swim shorts, but once I broke the surface of the water for air it struck me. I had lost my swim shorts on the dive, so I was sitting in the water completely nude in front of all my friends and random strangers that were watching. I franticly searched for my swim shorts, but to no avail, they were lost. Eventually a friend brought me a towel so I could get out of the water and return home. I would have to say that this was one of the most extremely embarrassing moments I’ve had so far in my lifetime.

Analysis of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Research Paper Example

Analysis of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Research Paper Example Analysis of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Paper Analysis of Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House Paper Essay Topic: Literature Henrik Ibsen’s short story, A Doll’s House, basically centralizes on the differences between the initial appearances and the true personalities of the characters and the many sacrifices that women make in a marriage. The author evidently illustrated the first theme through all story’s main characters as each of them exhibited a personality that is different from the initial impression they gave when they first appeared. For example, Torvald, at first, appears to be a caring and devoted husband to Nora, the protagonist. However, at the end of the story, it turns out that he is a very shallow man who only cares about his own career and that he never desired to fulfill his promise to share with Nora the burdens of their marriage. In addition, Dr. Rank’s frequent visits to Nora and Torvald appeared to be a gesture of friendship towards the couple. But late in the story it was discovered that his true motives for visiting them was because he is in love with Nora. Moreover, Krogstad initially appeared to be a vengeful and manipulative extortionist until he was reunited with his love, Mrs.  Linde, wherein he showed that he has a kind and generous heart. More importantly, Nora initially gave an impression that she was a selfish and foolish girl. However, it is soon discovered that Nora made a large sacrifice by secretly borrowing money in order to maintain their marriage. From the themes presented in the story, it can said that people are not always what they first appear to be. The story also showed that people can show their true colors when you least expect them to do so. Moreover, the story basically highlights the reality that wives in today’s modern society, play a sacrificial and major role in a marriage, which is normally dominated by the husband. This was best illustrated by the marriage of Nora and Torvald, in which the latter refused to accept the fact that it was Nora who saved their marriage by secretly borrowing money when in fact it was his role as a husband to do so. In other words, the roles of women have evolved over the past years and they are no longer dominated by men.

Concerning as an Adjective

Concerning as an Adjective Concerning as an Adjective Concerning as an Adjective By Maeve Maddox If hearing the word concerning used as an adjective to mean â€Å"causing anxiety† gives you a chalkboard moment, you may as well get used to it. The usage has yet to make its way into all the dictionaries, but it has hit the mainstream and it won’t be turned back. For about 200 years, concerning has been functioning quite happily as a preposition to mean any of the following: regarding relating to with reference to referring to with regard to as regards with respect to respecting dealing with on the subject of in connection with re apropos of Supporters of the adjectival use of concerning point to the definition in the OED: â€Å"that gives cause for anxiety or distress.† The one citation given for this usage is from Pamela (1740), the overwrought epistolary novel by Samuel Richardson. Pamela is a virtuous young maidservant resisting the overtures of her employer. Here is the passage in which concerning means â€Å"anxiety-producing.† The words not in quotations belong to Pamela’s narration: â€Å"Well,† said he, â€Å"if you won’t eat with me, drink at least with me.† I drank two glasses by his over-persuasions, and said, â€Å"I am really ashamed of myself.† â€Å"Why, indeed,† said he, â€Å"my dear girl, I am not a very dreadful enemy, I hope! I cannot bear any thing that is the least concerning to you.† Elsewhere, Richardson uses concerning conventionally, as a preposition: â€Å"Mrs. Jewkes has directions concerning you.† I hope, whatever be your honour’s intention concerning her, you will not be long about it. Have mercy on me, and hear me, concerning that wicked woman’s usage of me. To perform a Google Ngram search, I used the phrase â€Å"very concerning† to get an idea of the adjectival use of concerning. The phrase is effectively flat-lined in American English until 1972; it begins to take off in the late 1980s. My guess is that political writers and other media manipulators rediscovered adjectival concerning as a useful euphemism for words that might frighten voters or consumers. Compare: Increased juvenile drug use is disturbing. Increased juvenile drug use is concerning. The possibility of more terroristic attacks is a cause for concern. The possibility of terroristic attacks is concerning. The rise in global temperatures is troubling. The rise in global temperatures is concerning. It seems to me that concerning has the effect of distancing a perceived threat by making it seem to be a matter to be watched, but perhaps not one to get too excited about for the present. Whatever the reasons for the current popularity of concerning as an adjective to describe anything that causes concern, it has certainly caught on in American speech. If you find yourself looking for an alternative, here’s a list of possibilities: alarming bothersome disquieting distressing disturbing nerve-racking perturbing scary troubling unsettling upsetting worrisome worrying Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:How to Format a US Business LetterFive Spelling Rules for "Silent Final E"How to Send Tactful Emails from a Technical Support Desk

Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 9

Research Proposal - Essay Example According to Leau et al. (2012), agile practices include Crystal methodology, dynamic software development method, feature-driven development, lean software development, scrum, and extreme programming. These practices could be integrated into the traditional software development life cycle to change how project are run instead of completely changing to the new methods. This would enable software developers take advantage of both methodologies. The purpose of this study is to identify how the agile practice could be integrated into traditional software development cycle instead of completely changing the cycle. The integration can be done in various ways whose difference depends on the type of practice. In the study, we will identify several agile practices as well as analyze how each one of them could be integrated to the cycle to achieve the purpose of the study. The study will have some limitations and delimitations based on the limited resources available for the research and the dynamic changes in the technology of software development. We will therefore use qualitative approach due to the limitation in the resources available for the research. This approach is economical and does not require many resources. Moreover, because of the dynamic nature of the agile practices, we will not be able to study all of them. In this study, we have planned to discuss only the above-mentioned six agile practices although there are some that have lately introduced. Another limitation of this study is the many ways in which agile practices could be integrated into the traditional software development life cycle. Because of these, we will not be able to cover all of them in this study. What will be covered in this study will be the main ways in which these integration could be done. Traditional as well as modern software development life cycle have

Operations Management Field Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Operations Management Field - Essay Example This essay stresses that for effective operation management to be achieved the quality management is very important, it enables the firms to continuously improve its products. There are recent quality management advancements like the total quality management and benchmarking that enhance the operations management. This discussion declares that benchmarking involves comparing the services or products with others that are related to it so as to know the performance of the organization’s products in the market arena. Continuous improvements involves adding features and removing others so as to make the products and services more satisfying to the customer, this even may involve producing goods that are customized. Continuous improvement enables a firm to have more loyal customers and win more customers. Effect analysis and failure mode enables the quality management to know areas that are likely to be faulty or fail and therefore know areas to give priority. Total quality management ensures that the customer’s needs are met and stresses more on the measurement and control as a means of guarantying continuous improvement. Some of the internationally recognized methods of quality management standards that firms must be audited to be certified include the ISO9000. Six sigma is also a q uality management tool that uses all available data to measure the defects that should eventually be 3.4 parts per million meaning the six standard deviation. The University of Portsmouth employs competent personnel who run its resources. There is the students union, media and a limited company which is ran by students. The media consists of a radio station and magazine. SERVICE AND PRODUCT MANAGEGEMENT This involves a range of activities which begins from when the idea of the new product is developed, manufacturing the new product and eventually assisting the customers who buy the new products. The way a product is managed depends on the type of products or services a firm is dealing with, it's also depends on the kind of business, that is whether retailing, manufacturing or wholesaling. Service and product development involves customer maximization, product development, customer development and diversification. This further requires proper marketing strategy with the use of the product cycle. Proper product evaluation needs to carried to ensure that the product is competitive through market research, proper pricing and competitive analysis. To ensure that the product or service management is successful, there is need to have proper distribution channels, advertising, and service, sales and promotional force. The University of Portsmouth was founded in 1869 as a school of science and was elevated to the position of university in 1992. The University offers the good management and in its operations and is rated as excellent by quality assurance agency in the courses it offers, among the best courses it offers to its students include: operational research, pharmacy psychology, languages, computer engineering among others. Most

Megacities in Asia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Megacities in Asia - Essay Example From the per capita income of mere $76 in 1970, the country has catapulted into a huge over $19,000 per capita income in almost 40 years with the total GDP nearing to a trillion dollars. Seoul being its largest city and commercial hub, the population in the city has exploded by over 500 percent since 1960. There has been a huge migration of people from rural parts to the urban area especially to Seoul. Since early 1960s, Seoul has become the major hub of the Korean economy and has transformed into a major megalopolis now. While Seoul constitutes only 0.61% of the country's area, it â€Å"houses about 84% of government bodies and institutions, 88% of Korea’s 30 largest companies, and 75% of the 20-most popular universities in the nation. More than 65% of all bank transactions, both savings and lending, take place in Seoul" (Jeon, 2005 p5).     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   No other city in the world perhaps takes so much economic burden as Seoul has taken for its nation . Population density in Seoul is so high that the current per person residential space availability is only 20 sq. m. The space availability is quite low when compared with large western cities in the developed world such as London, New York or Paris. Even Tokyo which is considered densely populated provides per person space to the tune of 55 sq. m. On per sq. km basis, population in Seoul stands at 23,908 that shows much higher density than Tokyo at 7,099 people per sq. km. Gini index measures income inequality among the citizens on the scale of 0.0 to 1.0 with 0.

Nursing Expertise Self-Report Scale Essay Example for Free

Nursing Expertise Self-Report Scale Essay I think that it is important to understand where you are in your nursing practice. After completing the Nursing Expertise Self-Report Scale, I realize that I still have a lot more experience to gain as a nurse. I believe that nurses must be life-long learners to stay current in the ever-changing field of healthcare. I have only been a nurse for two years. Before beginning the test, I thought that with my few years of experience, I would be a novice nurse. However, I am a competent nurse. According to Arnold and Boggs (2011) the competent nurse â€Å"views the clinical picture from a broader perspective and is more confident about his or her role in health care† (p. 127). I have been organized and able to manage my time successfully. I feel that I can consciously make decisions without direct supervision. I can assess the patient and look at all the variables before proceeding with care. I can think more long term now than I did in the beginning. I feel that in order to improve my communication skills in the healthcare setting, I have to continue to think more long-term. I need to stop being so task-oriented and start looking at the patient as a whole. Instead of doing something just because it’s ordered, I need to be diligent and make sure it is appropriate for my patient’s specific condition. I realize how important it is to be able to communicate with the physicians. We are with the patients much more than they are, and we are their eyes and ears. I feel that it is also vital to have good communication with the patients and their families. They depend on us to be honest in all that we do. When the patient trusts us, they will be more open with us. My facility does bedside shift report. I think this is important because it gives the oncoming nurse the chance to understand what the patient is going to need for the next 12 hours. It also gives the patient the opportunity to become involved in their care. As nurses, we are always communicating so it is  important to make sure that we do it correctly and efficiently. References Arnold, E., Boggs, K. U. (2011). Interpersonal Relationships: Professional Communication Skills for Nurses (6th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.

Exposing the Human Soul in Lord of the Flies Essays -- Lord Flies Essa

Exposing the Human Soul in Lord of the Flies      William Golding in his novel Lord of the Flies symbolically describes the degeneration of a civilized society in three stages. Embedded within this story of a group of young boys struggling to survive alone on a deserted island are insights to the capacity of evil within the human soul and how it can completely destroy society. After a plane crash that results in their inhabitation of the island, the boys establish a democratic society that thrives on order, necessity, and unity. Slowly, however, the peaceful society that they create shatters through a path of hatred, disrespect, murder, and the release of the true human soul.    Upon a desolate tropical island, the lost boys begin to organize themselves to gain a sense of stability, order, and brotherhood. They elect Ralph, the oldest boy at twelve years of age, as leader and use a conch found in the lagoon as a symbol of democracy and respect. Two other children, Jack, the head of a choir group, and Simon, a small but intellectual boy, accompany Ralph on an expedition to determine whether the land is truly an island. They find that it is indeed true, and compose a plan to light a fire on the beach to create smoke; their only hope of rescue. After they obtain the glasses of an intelligent and rather fat child called "Piggy," they make a fire using the sunlight and glass lenses. However, the fire spreads to the forest quickly and destroys the group's supply of firewood. The boys shrug this off as an accident and Ralph and Simon commence work on shelters.    They begin to build a society that contains rules and government. "'I agree with Ralph,' states Jack. 'We've got to have rules and obey them. After a... ...tegrate in the evil within themselves.    They start in peace and end in hatred and murder. With the exception of Ralph and Piggy, the boys completely abandon reason, civilization, and the thought of rescue. They fight the harmless "beast" that terrifies them, not knowing that something so much more fearful, deadly, and destructive lie within themselves. Being human, they have a capacity for evil inside of their soul that is immeasurable and can destroy the life of everyone around them, including their own. They never realize this and continue to break their "morals," which were simply superficial rules of society that were fed to them unwillingly. They act upon these morals despite their own thoughts and emotions. The latter is the definition of civilization. As it wears away layer after layer in this book, the true human soul is bared, naked and fearless.  Ã‚  

Abhyudaya Nagar

It has been over 54 years since MHADA developed Abhyudaya Nagar Housing Board Colony kalachowki , Parel-sewri Division. Spread over approximately 1,34,000 sq. mts. , this large complex houses 48 separate housing society buildings that are 3-4 storeyed consisting of 36 to 90 members each. Consisting mostly subsidized Industrial housing Scheme (S. I. H. S. ) buildings and also other structures within it such as BMC schools, Samaj Halls, encroachment areas both residential and non-residential. There are some dues pending from individual societies and members to MHADA as also from MHADA to BMC, the decision of which is pending with the government. Apart from owning this land, the conveyance by MHADA to the individual societies has not taken place, except from a few buildings Resident has fond memories of growing up in the colony. Shaheed Bhagat singh ground has, over the years been witness to sports tournaments and community festivals. All the individual societies have come together and form an Apex Body, a federation called MAHASANGH , which has been in existence since 2006-2007. Over the years, the roads and the drainage systems have outlived its relevance and have become outdated. Pockets of encroachment and unorganised markets have sprung up in and around the colony. Some buildings are on the verge of collapse and pose a serious threat to the families living in them. We conduct survey at Abhyudaya nagar and found out that Large amount of population is lower middle class, Maharashtrian families, Average monthly income per family is around Rs. 15000/-, Average no of working people in family is one and Average no of people living per house is six. The average current monthly expense per family is around Rs. 1000. People are paying Rs. 200 Maintenance to individual society and Rs. 150 to MHADA. Area of room is 180 sq. feet. It is one room kitchen so monthly electricity bill to individual room is around Rs. 600. Total Property tax to each society is Rs. 18000 that get divided between all rooms in building and that come to Rs. 20 there is no water tax because that include in Rs. 150 that members paying to MHADA so total goes to Rs. 970 per month. So for 15000 monthly incomes this amount is in favor to members in colony. MAHASNGH is thinking of redevelopment of colony and for that they have shortlisted 3 builders DB Reality, HDIL and DS. The redevelopment will take place under DCR 33(9) where in development of old buildings in the form of cluster by single developer would result in better planning , better infrastructure , better facilities being provided to the tenants and DCR33(5) it is a regulation by the government for the redevelopment of MHADA housing societies ,ESW,L. I. G,M. I. G and H. I. G. housing colonies. Re Development will be take place in 3 phases. Resident of phase 1 will be required to shift into transit accommodation for a period 2 years. However if some members wish for rent/compensation for the transit accommodation , in that case , rent will be paid as per the prevailing market rates at that time which shall be minimum Rs 10000 per month . 11 + 1 months’ rent shall be paid advance by developer. Als o residential members shall be given a 2 BHK flat of totally measuring 570 sq. t. carpet + maximum balcony area as approved by M. C. G. M. Therefore usable carpet area shall be 750 sq. ft. per house. All this looks very good but due to increase in area of living the monthly expense per family is also going to increase and we found out that after the redevelopment monthly expence will be approximately Rs. 7500. Due to tall buildings maintenance charge of lifts etc will be Rs 2500, Electricity charge also going to increase due to more numbers of rooms. Property tax will charge Rs 2800 per month and finally water tax of Rs. 500 need to pay to BMC this add up to around Rs. 7500/- per month. Which is definitely a huge cost for the families hoe earns 15000 per month. The another good option in front of Abhyudaya nagar is redevelopment through MHADA because MHADA is offering 484 Sq. ft. Area per flat because of that members need not to pay Property tax, maintenance and electricity charge will also get reduced and finally members will need to pay only Rs. 1500 per month

Assess the view that ethnic differences Essay

?An Ethnic minority background increases your chances of arrest and conviction, some people argue that police racism in itself results in higher suspicion against black people in general. According to official statistics there are significant ethnic differences in the likelihood of being involved in the criminal justice system. Black and Asians are overrepresented in the system. For example black people make up 2. 8% of the population, but 11% of the prison population. Contrastingly whites are underrepresented. However such statistics do not tell us whether members of one ethnic group are more likely than members of another ethnic group to commit an offence in the first place; they just tell us about involvement in the criminal justice system. For example differences in stop and search or arrest rates may be due to police racism, while differences in rates of imprisonment may be the result of courts handing down harsher sentences on minorities. There are other sources of statistics to reveal link of ethnicity and offending. Victim surveys ask individuals to say what crimes they have been victims of. We can get information on ethnicity and offending from surveys when we ask what ethnicity of the person who committed the crime against them. For example in the case of mugging blacks are overly represented among those indentified by victims as offenders. Victim surveys show much crime is intra-ethnic; it takes place within rather than between ethnic groups. For example the British crime survey (2007) found 90% of where the victim was white; at least one of the offenders was also white. However while victim surveys are useful in identifying ethnic patterns of offending, they have several limitations. They rely on a victim’s memory of events. Ben Bowling and Coretta Phillips (2002) found whites may over identify blacks, saying the offender was black even when not sure. They only cover personal crimes, which make up 20% of all crimes. They exclude under 16s; minority ethnic groups contain a higher proportion of young people. They exclude crimes by big business; thus tell us nothing of ethnicity of white collar criminals. Thus victim surveys only tell us about the ethnicity of a small proportion of offenders, which may not be representative of offenders in general. Self report studies ask individuals to disclose their own dishonest and violent behaviour. Graham and Bowling (1995) found that blacks and whites had similar rates of offending, while Indians, Pakistanis and Bangladeshis had lower rates. Similarly Sharp and Budd (2005) note that the 2003 offending, crime and justice survey of 12,000 people found whites and mixed ethnic origin groups were more likely than blacks and Asians to say they had committed offences. The Home Office have conducted nine self report studies on drugs since the early 1990s, all with similar findings. Sharp and Budd (2005) found 27% of mixed ethnicity individuals said they had used drugs in the last year, compared to 16% of blacks and whites, and 5% of Asians. Use of class a drugs, such as heroin or cocaine was 3 times higher among whites than blacks and Asians. The findings of self report studies challenge stereotypes of blacks more likely than whites to offend, though they support the widely held view Asians are less likely to offend, however self report studies have their limitations in relation to ethnicity and offending. Overall the evidence of ethnicity and offending is inconsistent. For example while official statistics and victim surveys point to the likelihood of higher rates of offending by blacks; this is generally not the results of self report studies. There are ethnic differences at each stage of the criminal justice process. To explain them we need to look at main stages of the process that an individual may go through, possibly culminating in a custodial sentence. Phillips and Bowling (2007) argue since the 70s there have been many allegations of oppressive policing of minorities, including stop and search, deaths in custody, police violence and failure to respond effectively to racist violence. Minorities are more likely to be stopped and searched by police. Statistics show Asians were three times more likely to be searched under this act. Its thus unsurprising minorities are less likely to think police acted politely when stopped, or think they were stopped fairly. Phillips and Bowling (2007) argue these communities feel over policed and over protected and have limited faith in the police. There are three possible reasons for the disproportionate use of stop and search against minorities. Police racism; the Macpherson Report (1999) on the police investigation of the racist murder of black teenager Stephen Lawrence concluded there was institutional racism in the Metropolitan police. Other have found deeply ingrained racist attitudes among individual officers. For example Phillips and Bowling point out that many officers hold negative stereotypes about ethnic minorities as criminals, leading to deliberate targeting for stop and search. Such stereotypes are endorsed and upheld by the canteen culture of rank and file officers. Ethnic differences in offending; an alternative explanation is that the disproportionality in stop and searches simply reflects ethnic differences in levels of offending. However it’s useful to distinguish between low discretion and high discretion stops. In low discretion stops police act on relevant information about a specific offence, for example a victim’s description of the offender. In high discretion stops police act without specific intelligence. It is in these stops police can use stereotypes that disproportionality and discrimination are more likely. Demographic factors; ethnic minorities are over represented in the population groups who are most likely to be stopped such as the young, the unemployed, manual workers and urban dwellers. These groups are all more likely to be stopped, regardless of their ethnicity, but they are also groups who have a higher proportion of ethnic minorities in them, so minorities get stopped more. Figures in England and Wales show that in 2006/07, the arrest rates for blacks was 3. 6 times higher than for whites. Contrastingly once arrested blacks and Asians were less likely to receive a police caution. One reason for this may be more likely to deny the offence and likely to exercise their right to legal advice. However not admitting the offence means they cannot be let off with a caution and are more likely to be charged instead. The crown prosecution service is the body responsible for deciding whether a case brought by the police should be prosecuted in court. In doing so CPS must decide whether there is a realistic prospect of conviction and whether the prosecution is in the public’s interest. Studies suggest the CPS is more likely to drop cases against minorities. Bowling and Phillips (2002) argue this may be because the evidence presented to the CPS by the police is often weaker and based on stereotyping of ethnic minorities as criminals. When cases do go ahead minorities are more likely to elect trial before a jury in the Crown Court rather than the magistrates court, perhaps due to mistrust of magistrates impartiality. However crown courts can impose more severe sentences if convicted. Thus is interesting to note minorities are less likely to be found guilty. This suggests discrimination, in that the police and CPS may be bringing weaker or less serious cases against ethnic minorities that are thrown out by the courts. In 2006/7 custodial sentences were given to a greater proportion of black offenders (68%) than white (55%) or Asian offenders (59%), whereas whites and Asians were more likely than blacks to receive community sentences. This may be due to differences in seriousness of the offences or defendants previous convictions. However a study of 5 crown courts by roger Hood (1992) found even when such factors were taken into account, black men were 5% more likely to receive a custodial sentence, and were given sentences of an average of 3 months longer than whites. Another reason for harsher sentences id pre sentence reports (PRs) written by probation officers. A PRs is intended as a risk assessment to assist magistrates in deciding on the appropriate sentence for a given offender. However Hudson and Bramhall (2005) argue that PRs allow for unwitting discrimination. They found reports on Asian offenders were less comprehensive and suggested that they were less remorseful than white offenders. They place this bias in the context of demonising Muslims in the wake of 9/11 attacks. In 2007, one quarter of the male prison population was minorities. Blacks were five times more likely to be in prison than whites. Black and Asians were more likely to be serving longer sentences. Within the total prison population all minorities had a higher than average proportion of prisoners on remand. This is because minorities are less likely to be granted bail whilst awaiting trial. There are similar patterns in other countries, for example in USA two fifths of prison population is black. There was large scale migration from the Caribbean and Indian subcontinent in the 50s, at this time it was agreed minorities had lower crime rates. However by the 70s there was conflict between blacks and the police meaning â€Å"black criminality† became more of a problem. Contrastingly by the 90s Asian crime also became viewed as a problem. Events e. g. 9/11 cemented the idea that Asians were a threat to public order. There are two main explanations for ethnic differences in crime; left realism and neo-Marxism. Left realists Lea and Young (1993) argue ethnic differences in statistics reflect real differences in the levels of offending by different ethnic groups. Left realists see crime the product of relative deprivation, subculture and marginalisation. They argue racism had led to economic exclusion of ethnic minorities who face higher unemployment, poverty and poor housing. At the same time the Medias emphasis on consumerism promotes a sense of relative deprivation by setting materialistic goals that many minorities are unable to reach by legitimate means. One response is formation of delinquent subcultures, especially by young unemployed blacks. It produces higher utilitarian crime to cope with relative deprivation. Furthermore as these groups are marginalised and have no groups to represent their interests their frustration is liable to produce non utilitarian crime such as rioting. Lea and Young acknowledge police often act in racist ways and results in unjustified criminalisation of some members of minorities. However they don’t believe discriminatory policing fully explains the statistics. For example over 90% of crimes known to the police are reported by the public rather than discovered themselves. Under these circumstances even if police act discriminatory it’s unlikely it can account for ethnic differences in statistics. Similarly Lea and Young argue we cannot explain differences in minorities in terms of police racism. For example blacks are more criminalised than Asians. The police would have to be selective in their racism for racism to cause these differences. Lea and Young thus conclude that the statistics represent real differences in levels of offending between ethnic groups and these are caused by real differences in levels of relative deprivation and marginalisation. However Lea and Young can be criticised for their views on the role of police racism. For example arrest rates may be lower for Asians because police stereotype them differently. Stereotypes may have changed since 9/11, explaining rising criminalisation of this group. While left realists see official statistics reflecting real differences in offending between ethnic groups, other sociologists have argued differences in statistics do not reflect reality. These differences are the outcome of a process of social construction that stereotypes ethnic minorities as inherently more criminal than the majority of the population. The work of neo Marxists Paul Gilroy (1982) and Stuart Hall (1979) illustrates this view. Gilroy argues the idea of black criminality is a myth created by racist stereotypes of African Caribbean’s and Asians. In reality these groups are no more criminal than any other. However as a result of the police and criminal justice system acting on these racist stereotypes, ethnic minorities came to be criminalised and thus to appear in greater numbers in official statistics. Gilroy argues ethnic minority crime can be seen as a form of political resistance against a racist society, and this struggle has roots in earlier struggle against British imperialism. Gilroy holds a similar view to that of critical criminology which argues working class crime is a political act against capitalism. Most blacks and Asians in the UK originated from former colonies where their anti imperialist struggles taught them how to resist oppression, for example through riots and demonstrations. When they found themselves facing racism in Britain they adopted the same form of struggles to defend themselves, but their political struggle was criminalised by the British state. However Lea, Young and Gilroy are criticised on several grounds. First generation immigrants were very law abiding, so it’s unlikely they passed their anti colonialist struggle onto their children. Most crime is interethnic, criminals and victims usually have similar ethnic backgrounds, so it can’t be seen as anti colonial struggle against racism. Lea and Young argue Gilroy romanticises street crime as revolutionary. Asian crime rates are similar to or lower than whites. If Gilroy were right then the police are only racist towards black and not Asians, which seems unlikely. Stuart Hall et al adopt a neo Marxist perspective. They argue the 70s saw a moral panic over black muggers that served the interests of capitalism. Hall et all argues the ruling class can normally rule the subordinate classes through consent. However in times of crisis this becomes more difficult. In the early 70s British capitalism faced a crisis. High inflation and rising unemployment provoked widespread industrial unrest and strikes. When opposition to capitalism was growing the ruling class may need to use force to keep control. However the use of force needs to be legitimated or provoke more resistance. The 70s also saw a media driven panic of the growth of mugging. In reality mugging was a new name for street robbery and Hall et al suggest there was no significant increase of this crime at the time. Mugging was soon to be associated by the media, police and politicians with black youth. Hall et al argues that the emergence of the moral panic about mugging as a specifically black crime at the same time as crisis of capitalism was no coincidence; the moral panic and crisis were linked. The myth of the black mugger served as a scapegoat to distract attention from the true cause of problems of unemployment, namely the crisis of capitalism. The black mugger symbolised disintegration of social order. By presenting black youth as a threat to the fabric of society the moral panic served to divide the working class on racial grounds and weaken opposition to capitalism as well as winning popular consent to authoritarian forms of rule to suppress opposition. However Hall et al do not argue that black crime was solely a product of media and police labelling. The crisis of capitalism was increasingly marginalising black youth through unemployment and drove them to a lifestyle of hustling and petty crime to survive. However Hall et al have been criticised on several grounds. Downes and Rock (2003) argue that Hall et al are inconsistent in claiming that black street crime was not rising, but also that it was rising because of unemployment. They do not show how a capitalist crisis led to a moral panic, nor do they provide evidence that the public were in fact panicking or blaming crime on blacks. Left realists argue inner city residents fears about mugging are not panicky but realistic. Until recently the focus of the ethnicity and crime debate was largely about the over representation of blacks in the criminal justice system. However recently sociologists have studied racist victimisation of ethnic minorities. Racist victimisation occurs when an individual is selected as a target because of their race, gender or religion. Racist victimisation is nothing new, but brought into public view with the racist murder of Stephen Lawrence in 1993 and the subsequent Macpherson inquiry into the police investigation. Information of victimisation comes from two main sources; the British crime survey and police recorded statistics. These generally cover racist incidents, any incident perceived to be racist by the victim or another person. They also cover racially or religiously aggravated offences where the offender is motivated by hostility towards members of a racial or religious group. The police recorded 60,000 racist incidents in England and Wales in 2006/7, mostly damage to property and verbal harassment. However most incidents go unreported; the British crime survey estimates there were 184,000 racially motivated incidents in 2006/7. The police recorded 42,600 racially or religiously aggravated offences on 06/7, mostly harassment. 10,600 people were prosecuted or cautioned for racially aggravated offences in 2006. The risk of being a victim of any sort of crime varies by ethnic group. The 2006/7 British crime survey shows people of mixed ethnic background had a higher risk of becoming a victim of crime than blacks, Asians or whites. The differences may be partly the result of factors other than ethnicity. For example for violent crime factors such as being young, male and unemployed are strongly linked to victimisation. Ethnic groups with a high proportion of young males are thus likely to have higher rates of victimisation. However some of these factors such as unemployment are themselves partly due to discrimination while the statistics record the instances of victimisation they don’t capture the victim’s experience of it. As Sampson and Phillips (1992) note racist victimisation tends to be over time with repeated minor instances of abuse with periodic physical violence. The resulting long term psychological impact needs to be added to the physical injury and damage to property caused by offenders. Members of minority ethnic communities have often been active in responding to victimisation. Responses range from situational crime prevention measures such as fireproof doors to organised self defence campaigns. Such responses need to be understood in the context of accusations of under protection by the police who often ignore the racist dimension in victimisation and fail to investigate incidents properly. For example the Macpherson enquiry (1999) concluded the police investigation into the death of black teenager Stephen Lawrence was marred by incompetence, institutional racism and failure of leadership by senior officers. Others have found deeply ingrained racist attitudes among individual officers.